Introduction

Stray dogs in Iranian cities, particularly in urban peripheries and near natural habitats, have become a complex issue. These animals often scavenge human waste and food sources, and sometimes prey on urban rodents. While they have some ecological functions, unmanaged populations pose public health, social, and environmental risks. Proper, humane, and science-based management is essential.

Current Situation

Over 30,000 stray dogs are reported in Tehran and surrounding areas.

The cost of collecting a single dog is estimated at approximately 500,000 IRR, but some municipal contractors reportedly release the dogs to claim funds.

This indicates a lack of coherent and scientific management strategies.

Global Experiences

Uttar Pradesh, India: Over 280,000 stray dogs underwent sterilization and vaccination, costing approximately 32.7 crore INR (~400 million IRR).

Chennai, India (2024): Population reached 181,000, but only 27% sterilized, leading to increased bite incidents and public health concerns.

Goa, India: No reported rabies cases since 2017 due to sustained vaccination and sterilization efforts.

Evidence-Based, Humane Solutions

1. Mass sterilization and vaccination

2. Public education and awareness

3. Collaboration with NGOs

4. Prohibition of mass culling

Human Roles

Negative: Abandonment of pets, irresponsible feeding, and lack of enforcement contribute to population growth.

Positive: Scientific and humane interventions reduce population and improve public health.

Conclusion

Effective stray dog population management requires scientific, humane, and sustainable strategies. Lessons from global experience, combined with sterilization, vaccination, public education, and NGO cooperation, can make this challenge manageable.

References

World Animal Protection – Stray Dog Population Management

PMC Article on Dog Population Management

Times of India – Lucknow Microchipping Initiative

Times of India – Chennai Sterilization Pause

Times of India – Goa Rabies-Free Status

WVJ Science-Line – Dog Culling Ineffectiveness